Understanding Your Home's Service Lines

What they are, who's responsible, and how to know when something's wrong.

The Basics

What Are Exterior Service Lines?

Every home depends on four invisible lifelines buried underground: water, sewer, gas, and electrical. These are your exterior service lines - the pipes and cables that connect your home to public utility systems in the street.

Most homeowners never think about these lines until something goes wrong. When it does - a sewer backup, a water main break in your yard, a corroded gas line - the bill can reach thousands of dollars. Unlike the lines on the street side (owned by the utility company), the lines on your property are entirely your responsibility.

The problem? Standard homeowners insurance typically excludes exterior service line failures. That's the coverage gap Lineguard was built to close.

Click Here to view complete limits of liability and any exclusions.

Did You Know?

The average homeowner spends $1,000–$4,000 out of pocket on a sewer line repair — with no warning and typically no insurance coverage.2

Water service lines have an estimated lifespan of 70–100 years.5 Millions of U.S. homes have lines that are decades past their prime.

In older U.S. neighborhoods, a significant portion of homes still have clay tile or cast iron sewer laterals — both susceptible to root intrusion, cracking, and collapse.6

The 4 Types of Exterior Service Lines

Every home connected to public utilities has some or all of these lines running underground on your property.

Water Service Line

Freshwater supply - street main to your home

What It Does: A pressurized pipe carrying clean drinking water from the municipal water main into your home's plumbing system. Typically made of copper, galvanized steel, PVC, or - in older homes - lead.

Common Failure Causes:

  • Corrosion of aging metal pipes
  • Tree and shrub root infiltration at joints
  • Ground movement or frost heave
  • Mineral buildup causing flow restriction
  • Physical damage from excavation

Warning Signs:

  • Unexplained spike in your water bill
  • Wet or sunken patch in your yard
  • Low or fluctuating water pressure
  • Discolored (brown or rust-colored) tap water
  • Sound of running water when all fixtures are off
Avg. Repair: $1,000 – $4,0001 Lifespan: 70–100 years5

Click Here to view complete limits of liability and any exclusions.

Sewer Service Line

Wastewater from your home to the public sewer main

What It Does: A gravity-fed pipe that carries all wastewater and sewage from your home's drains and toilets to the public sewer main. Common materials include clay tile (older homes), cast iron, ABS plastic, and PVC.

Common Failure Causes:

  • Tree root intrusion - the most common cause
  • Collapse of aged clay or cast iron pipe
  • Grease and debris accumulation
  • Ground settling creating sags ("bellies") in the line
  • Joint disconnection due to soil movement

Warning Signs:

  • Multiple drains backing up simultaneously
  • Gurgling sounds from toilets or floor drains
  • Sewage odor inside or outside the home
  • Unusually lush, green patch of grass over the line
  • Consistently slow drains throughout the home

Sewer repairs are often the most expensive due to excavation requirements.

Avg. Repair: $1,000 – $10,0002 Lifespan: 50–80 years6

Click Here to view complete limits of liability and any exclusions.

Gas Service Line

Natural gas supply from street main to your meter

What It Does: Carries natural gas from the utility's distribution main to your gas meter, which is typically located at the foundation of your home. From there, interior lines distribute gas to your appliances - furnace, water heater, stove, and dryer.

Common Failure Causes:

  • Corrosion of older steel or iron piping
  • Ground movement causing joint separation
  • Third-party damage from digging or construction
  • Damage to older unprotected steel lines
  • Failure of pipe coatings in high-moisture soil

Warning Signs:

  • Smell of rotten eggs (added odorant in gas) near yard or foundation
  • Hissing or whistling near the gas meter area
  • Dead or dying plants in a concentrated area of yard
  • Unexplained increase in gas bill
  • Visible damage to soil above line path

If you smell gas, leave the premises immediately and call your gas utility's emergency line and 911.

Avg. Repair: $150 – $2,3003 Lifespan: 30–60 years7

Click Here to view complete limits of liability and any exclusions.

Electrical Service Line

Power supply from street to your electric meter

What It Does: The exterior electrical service line (also called the service lateral or service entrance) carries electrical power from the utility's distribution lines to your electric meter. In older neighborhoods, this is an overhead line; in newer developments it is buried underground.

Common Failure Causes:

  • Deterioration of insulation on underground cables
  • Physical damage from digging or excavation
  • Water infiltration at conduit connections
  • Rodent damage to cable insulation
  • Age-related conductor degradation

Warning Signs:

  • Partial power loss - some circuits work, others don't
  • Burning smell near the meter or main panel
  • Visible damage to overhead service drop wires
  • Frequent circuit breaker trips without explanation
  • Flickering lights throughout the entire home

Never touch downed or damaged power lines. Contact your utility company immediately.

Avg. Repair: $800 – $4,0004 Lifespan: 30–50 years7

Click Here to view complete limits of liability and any exclusions.

The Homeowner Responsibility Gap

Most homeowners assume either their utility company or their homeowners insurance covers service line repairs. In most cases, neither does. Here's where the responsibility actually lies.

Utility Company
Your Property Line
Homeowner (You)
Lineguard Covers

Owns and maintains lines in the street, from the main to your property boundary.

You are responsible for all lines from the property boundary to your home - and standard insurance typically doesn't cover this.

Lineguard covers the repair costs for your exterior service lines - filling the gap your insurance leaves behind.

Property lines and responsibilities vary by municipality. Contact your local utility for specifics. Click Here to view complete limits of liability and any exclusions.

General Warning Signs to Watch For

These red flags may indicate a service line problem - don't wait to investigate.

Unexplained Bill Spikes

A sudden increase in your water or gas bill with no change in usage is often the first sign of a leak underground.

Wet or Sunken Yard

An unusually wet, marshy, or sunken area in your yard - especially in a straight line toward the street - is a classic water or sewer leak indicator.

Pressure or Power Issues

Low water pressure, flickering lights, or partial power loss affecting multiple fixtures simultaneously can indicate a service line problem.

Unusual Sounds or Odors

Hissing near the gas meter, gurgling drains, sulfur/rotten egg odors, or the constant sound of running water when nothing is on - investigate immediately.

Sources & References
  1. HomeAdvisor — How Much Does Main Water Line Repair Cost? homeadvisor.com
  2. HomeGuide — Sewer Line Repair Cost Guide homeguide.com
  3. Fixr — Gas Line Repair Cost | Gas Pipe Repair Price fixr.com
  4. Angi — Cost to Replace Wiring from Electric Meter Box angi.com
  5. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) — Water Infrastructure Financing: SDWA 30th Anniversary Report epa.gov
  6. NASSCO (National Association of Sewer Service Companies) — Condition Assessment of Sewer Pipe nassco.org
  7. American Gas Association (AGA) — Natural Gas Distribution Infrastructure aga.org

Cost ranges represent national averages and may vary based on location, pipe material, labor rates, and extent of damage. All figures are for informational purposes only.

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